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no-repeat"); $(".u-search-recommend").stop().slideUp(400); } e.preventDefault(); }); // 搜索框禁止中英、空格等字符 window.alert = function(){ return false; } }); </script>  <div class="hcontent"> <div class="hcon"> <div class="main"> <div class="powz accbg" accidx="67"><a href="../../../../" target="_self" title="中國?？谡T戶網站" class="CurrChnlCls">中國?？谡T戶網站</a> >> <a href="../../../" target="_self" title="便民服務" class="CurrChnlCls">便民服務</a> >> <a href="../../" target="_self" title="市民服務" class="CurrChnlCls">市民服務</a> >> <a href="../" target="_self" title="溫馨提示" class="CurrChnlCls">溫馨提示</a> >> 正文 </div> <div class="maincon"> <h1 class="maincon-t">@海南人小心支原體肺炎！小孩和老人都要注意</h1> <div class="maincon-i">中國?？谡T戶網站　　更新時間：2023-10-23 09:27 　　來源：?？诰W　　</div> <div class="maincon-p"><input class="btn" onClick="javascript:window.print()" type="button" value="打印此文" name="print2" /> <input class="btn" onClick="window.close()" type="button" value="關閉窗口" name="close2" /></div> <div id="zl_Articel" class="maincon-c"> <div class="view TRS_UEDITOR trs_paper_default trs_web"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">秋冬季節一到，很多小朋友和抵抗力差的老人出現咳、咳、咳，接著出現發熱，很多人以為是不是又得新冠或者流感了，去醫院篩查了新冠抗原和流感抗原，都是陰性的。那到底是什么原因導致這次感染呢？</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">罪魁禍首竟然是支原體肺炎。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">近期，我國支原體肺炎發病有所上升，尤其在廣東、福建等南方地區，與去年同期相比上升明顯。12日，“支原體肺炎”還登上了熱搜，它是什么？我們該如何預防和治療？海南省呼吸疾病中心、海南醫學院第一附屬醫院呼吸內科副主任醫師林玲就支原體肺炎的相關情況進行了科普。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">一、什么是支原體肺炎？</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">支原體肺炎（Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia，MPP），是一種下呼道感染，是非典型病原體導致的肺炎，不是病毒性肺炎。支原體肺炎為社區獲得性肺炎的常見類型，占非細菌性肺炎的1/3以上，占所有肺炎的15%以上。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">二、哪些人容易得??？什么時候容易中招？</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">多見于 5 歲及以上兒童及青少年發病者居多，近年成人肺炎支原體肺炎發病率日益升高。肺炎支原體肺炎一年四季均可發病，但以秋冬季為多。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">三、有沒有傳染性？</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">有。肺炎支原體主要經呼吸道傳播，當健康人吸入感染者咳出或噴出的口、鼻分泌物，使病原體進入呼吸道后，病原體在呼吸道黏膜表面與黏膜上皮細胞的神經氨酸受體緊密結合，抑制纖毛運動和破壞上皮細胞，造成局部組織損傷引發肺炎支原體肺炎。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">四、這種病有什么典型表現？</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">兒童支原體肺炎的主要表現為發熱和咳嗽，當癥狀加重或出現其他癥狀時，常提示可能存在并發癥，應及時識別。如患兒出現喘息和/或氣促、呼吸困難提示可能存在塑形性支氣管炎、大量胸腔積液、大面積肺栓塞、急性呼吸窘迫綜合征等；出現胸痛，應注意肺栓塞等可能；合并咯血應警惕肺栓塞。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">成人肺炎支原體肺炎一般起病緩慢，初始可表現為干咳、周身不適、乏力、頭痛，后可出現發熱，呈弛張熱，可伴咽痛和肌痛，咳嗽為該病突出癥狀，初為刺激性干咳，后轉為頑固性劇咳，無痰或僅有少量黏痰，無咯血，偶有黏液膿痰及痰中帶血。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">五、檢查或檢驗有什么特異性？</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">典型肺炎支原體肺炎影像學表現為肺紋理增粗，磨玻璃影、實變影、小葉間隔增厚及“樹芽征”2 種或 2 種以上征象同時出現。目前，有學者認為支氣管管壁增厚、磨玻璃影、小葉中央型結節是肺炎支原體肺炎影像學典型征象。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">血清肺炎支原體抗體檢測是診斷肺炎支原體肺炎的主要手段，間隔 7 ～ 14 d 采集 2 次血清標本，若抗體效價呈 4 倍或 4 倍以上升高即可診斷。第二個檢測方法為血清冷凝集試驗陽性。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">六、有沒有藥物治療？</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">有。兒童支原體肺炎，主要用大環內酯類抗生素治療，但用藥72小時后需查看咳嗽及發熱情況，若無好轉，需警惕耐藥及并發癥情況。若病情加重，需考慮激素及軟質支氣管鏡治療。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">對于成人支原體肺炎，經常誤診，因表現不典型，且不是肺炎中典型致病菌，所以未常規篩查。，臨若發熱( 無論低熱或高熱) 、刺激性咳嗽、β-內酰胺類或頭孢菌素類抗生素治療無效者均應考慮到肺炎支原體肺炎，并盡早行血清冷凝集試驗、肺炎支原體抗體檢測等特異性檢查協助確診。治療藥物推薦新型四環素類抗生素和喹諾酮類抗生素。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">七、該病預后怎樣？</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">輕癥支原體肺炎經大環內酯類等藥物治療預后良好，而部分支原體肺炎呈重癥表現，個別發展為危重癥，若未及時識別和有效治療，可有生命危險或遺留閉塞性支氣管炎等后遺癥。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">八、平時怎么預防？需要注意哪些方面？</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; line-height: 30px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: 宋體;color: rgb(48, 48, 48);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 15px">由于支原體肺炎多見于寒冷時節，因此，在日常生活中，需采用一定的防護措施，如寒冷季節注意防寒、保暖，定期對室內進行通風換氣；飲食方面忌食油炸食物，增加蔬菜、水果的攝入量，戒煙、避免酗酒；發病期間注意隔離，多飲水，多休息。</span></p><p><br style="text-indent: 2em;"/></p></div> <script>createDetailPageHTML(1, 0, "t1322899", "shtml")</script> <br> <div class="other-word"> </div> </br> <div class="ie8sys screen" style="text-align: center;"> <span id="qr_container" style="font-weight: bold;color: #014886;font-size: 16px">掃一掃在手機打開當前頁</span> </div> <div class="newnewerm screen" 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